sign of infestation is an accumulation of dark-brown or black frass adhering to the

and molt simultaneously, leaving a large mass of hairy cast skins adhering to the

along the twigs. Frass, in the form of excrement pellets adhering in long

and in soil just below the surface with grains of sand adhering to them

of short, cylindrical, excrement pellets, grayish yellow to light brown, and adhering end to end

holes 2 to 4 mm in diameter, often with yellowish white frass adhering to bark

found but is not prevalent. Woodpeckers excavate a small number of larvae. Adhering to recommended

1998). Initial introduction of tropical soda apple into North America probably occurred from seed adhering to people

sign of infestation is an accumulation of dark-brown or black frass adhering to the

holes 2 to 4 mm in diameter, often with yellowish white frass adhering to bark

and molt simultaneously, leaving a large mass of hairy cast skins adhering to the

along the twigs. Frass, in the form of excrement pellets adhering in long

of short, cylindrical, excrement pellets, grayish yellow to light brown, and adhering end to end

found but is not prevalent. Woodpeckers excavate a small number of larvae. Adhering to recommended

and in soil just below the surface with grains of sand adhering to them

1998). Initial introduction of tropical soda apple into North America probably occurred from seed adhering to people