The most visceral warning came from Iraq, where the powerful paramilitary group Kataib Hezbollah signalled a readiness

The statement was vague, aggressive, and strategically irresponsible—but it was also revealing. It signalled that Iran’s internal

for full withdrawal, reconstruction, and prisoner release. Yet the Israeli absence signalled more than procedural disruption

offensive would likely trigger a doctrine of "unrestricted warfare." Iranian officials have signalled that the era

West Asia, and both the United States and Israel have signalled readiness for prolonged

under current conditions, while the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, and Italy all signalled they would not join