elucidating the impacts of peptide length and formulations on their immunogenicity, peptide-based immunomodulating agents can

elucidating the impacts of peptide length and formulations on their immunogenicity, peptide-based immunomodulating agents can

and long neoantigen peptides (antigen peptide from ovalbumin: OVA 257-264 , and neoantigen peptide in MC

Preparation of Quantum Dot/Drug Nanoparticle Formulations for Traceable Targeted Delivery and Therapy Theranostics   13

Sarcoma-Targeting Peptide-Decorated Polypeptide Nanogel Intracellularly Delivers Shikonin for Upregulated Osteosarcoma Necroptosis and Diminished

Dual Receptor Recognizing Cell Penetrating Peptide for Selective Targeting, Efficient Intratumoral Diffusion and Synthesized Anti-Glioma Therapy

Tumor-penetrating Peptide Conjugated and Doxorubicin Loaded T1-T2 Dual Mode MRI Contrast Agents Nanoparticles for

Cell-penetrating Peptide-modified Targeted Drug-loaded Phase-transformation Lipid Nanoparticles Combined with Low-intensity Focused Ultrasound for

requires APCs expressing antigen proteins and presenting them to T cells via Peptide-MHC Complex (pMHC) effectively

N peptide to NG2 receptor, leading to effective antiangiogenic therapy [ 25 ]. C peptide displays high potency and

antibody response with 2.14-fold higher IgG titer than Alum adjuvant vaccine. The peptide pools assay demonstrated the

treatment with different formulations. (C) Statistical analysis of tumor volume after treatment with different formulations. (D) Representative images of

anticancer drug, inhibitors of different types of EGFR-TKs and peptide targeted to the

potential approach for DTC treatment. In this study, a supramolecular peptide nanofiber (SPNs) co-loaded

elicit anti-cancer adaptive immunity, which can be synergistically combined with ICB and radiotherapy. Peptide vaccines are attractive for

been a promising strategy for pursuing long-acting opioid-free analgesia. Although many formulations based on carrier materials

Herein, we review recent development of nanotheranostics using lipid- and polymer-based formulations, with a particular

variety of materials have been designed to target PD-L1, including antibodies, nanoparticle, peptide, aptamer, RNA, and

4T1 [ 42 ] ECM EGFR HA Dual-targeting strategy with low toxicity HCCLM3 [ 44 ] Enzyme Cathepsin B Peptide (FRRG) Self-assembling carrier

owing to their poor pharmacological properties and lack of suitable pharmaceutical formulations. Nanodefensin (ND), a

of cationic PCL-PEI were prepared and loaded with tyrosinase-related protein 2 (Trp2) peptide and adjuvant

and efficiency in activating immune responses. Methods : We synthesized a self-assembling peptide (Fbp-G D F

research has yielded early-stage clinical products as exemplified by the FDA-approved nano formulations (Abraxane ® for paclitaxel

to LPS and has been employed in some clinically explored vaccine formulations [ 19 - 21 ]. Although LPS

and incubated at 60 o C for 2 h. Commonly, the liposome formulations were stored at 4

polymeric core and conjugated with platinum-based compounds as therapeutics and WKYMVm peptide (Wpep) as a

yielded a size of <50 nm for the micellar formulations with very narrow size

with his-tagged C-terminus fragment (50-200 g/mL, 100 s). Subsequently, association with No peptide, negative control peptide (NCP

pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. In this report, we have developed quantum rod (QR) based formulations for the

were further functionalized with a lipid bilayer consisting of the RGD peptide using a simple

drug delivery applications and have led to several clinically approved therapeutic drug formulations, including Caelyx, Myocet, and

DTPA bearing poly(ethyleneimine) (SiO 2 /Gd-DTPA-PEI) [ 31 ] and Gd 3+ conjugated peptide dendrimers [ 37 - 39 ] provide

loaded with the cRGD-PP as a co-delivery nano-system. Different formulations were injected into mice

reagents and solvents were obtained from commercial sources without further purification. Preparation of peptide derivates Peptide derivates of

serve as either active agents or formulation supplements. In terms of drug formulations and delivery

ε-Poly-L-lysine), an antibacterial agent approved by FDA, is a naturally occurring peptide and biodegradable

8±4.3 0.156±0.019 82.7±1.6% Intracellular distribution of formulations The intracellular

The release profile was monitored for over 10 days. It was observed that both formulations show sustained release of

and reduction dual-responsive polymersomal prodrug (TRPP) nanoplatform was constructed when the D-peptide antagonist ( D PPA-1

for intelligent keloid therapy. The UCNPs were functionalized by the ferritin homing peptide (HKN 15 ) and

restrict the particles to flow only through the vascular networks. Formulations of MCAs

drug, thus contributing to improved anti-cancer efficacy. Endowed with TNBC-targeting ligand uPA peptide, uPA-PTXD NPs exhibited

100 μg/mice) and Frax NE combined with BRAF peptide vaccine group (Combo). BRAF peptide vaccine was prepared as

Taoyuan, Taiwan). Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) disulfide reducing gels were purchased from Thermo Fisher. CTCE9908 peptide (sequence: Lys-Gly-Val

and various versatile nanocarriers such as polymeric nanoparticles [ 13 , 14 ], micelles [ 15 , 16 ], liposomes [ 17 ], peptide-based nanoparticles [ 18 , 19

23 ]. The protein concentration was quantified using the BCA kit. The peptide samples were desalted and

is possible to conjugate a targeting motif, such as a peptide [ 40 , 41 ] or an

phthalocyanine, ZnPc) as proof of concept and incorporating the cRGD peptide via a multi

and select import option Reference Manager (RIS). Click on Import. File import instruction Abstract Nanoparticle formulations have proven effective for

The co-administration of cell death inducers as simple mixture of soluble formulations cannot guarantee expected therapeutical

targeting tumor angiogenic vessels and cells along with EPR effect. We have prepared RGD peptide-conjugated and αvβ3

acids) either in the form of free drugs or as nano-formulations [ 3 , 4 ]. Applying these

strategy and the synergistic effect between them, we synthesized four small molecule amphiphilic peptide-drug conjugates (APDCs) using

predictive for myocardial salvage after myocardial infarction [ 102 ]. Targeting monocytes has been performed using various formulations of superparamagentic

2797 m/z) using Byonic. The full mass (MS1) of the peptide was calculated to

Transfection was performed as described above, but with Atto 647N labeled siRNA for all formulations. Cells were incubated overnight

in avidity [ 23 ]. Langerin and DC-SIGN appear to require different formulations to meet

within DSPE-PEG 2000 and functionalizing it with TAT (a cell-penetrating peptide) to enhance

9 in MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed based on the specific protease-peptide substrate chromogenic reaction. In

every other day; (D) Representative H&E images of orthotopic A549 lung tumors after different formulations treatment. Different formulations represented

an essential role in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RGD peptide shows high affinity and

the AA mutational signature with the consumption of AA-containing herbal formulations. Fifty-nine percent of

granzyme B protein within a porous polymeric nanocapsule. Methods : A cell-penetrating peptide TAT was attached onto

Fan 1 , Xiyun Yan 1,2 1. Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS-University of

MNPs/DOX was developed by encapsulating melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) and doxorubicin (DOX) inside RGD peptide (c(RGDyC))-modified nanoscale

can induce changes in T2 relaxivity at nanomolar concentrations [ 12 ], and many formulations are FDA-approved for

other combinations of PEG, including peptide-PEG 2000 /PEG 2000 liposomes and peptide-PEG 350 /PEG 2000

successfully design a paclitaxel (PTX) and alpha-galactosylceramide (αGC) co-loaded TH peptide (AGYLLGHINLHHLAHL(Aib)HHIL-Cys

reactions and potentially limiting the repeated administration of PEG-containing formulations. The other

examined the SR-B1 targeting ability of a highly biocompatible HDL-mimicking peptide-phospholipid scaffold (HPPS) nanocarrier

B) Tumor growth curves of U87MG tumor-bearing mice exposed to different formulations after the 21

single imaging study to evaluate short-term biological changes, system parameters, or novel microbubble formulations [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12

of this coupling technique is significant, far-reaching and wide-spread. Keywords : cell penetrating peptide, siRNA delivery, covalent CPP

size-shrinkable nanoparticles, “cluster bomb”-like sequential-releasing nanoparticles, charge-reversal nanoparticles, and penetrating peptide-modified nanoparticles [ 27 ]. For

group presented on the ICAM-1 antibody or the IgG. Three liposome formulations were tested for

that selectively binds to CSA [ 17 ]; we named this synthetic peptide placental CSA binding peptide (plCSA-BP). Given this

DSPE-PEG 1k -Pt(IV), and an active targeting ligand, the cRGD peptide (PLGA: poly(lactic-co

medicine [ 3 ]. Then, Lu and his team specified recent developments in liposomal formulations for disease

Delivery of single theranostic agent [ 108 ] Gold nanoparticles Gold nanoparticles DOX Gold nanoparticles ~ 55nm CPLGLAGG peptide Stimulus responsive drug release

nanoparticles [ 36 ] and multi-drug loaded 'triolimus' micelles [ 37 ]. Compared to these formulations, the carriers

on cell migration and invasion The inhibitory effects of different formulations on the migration

for brain tumor treatment. However, the clinical applications of the inorganic formulations are often hindered by

address the growing desire for this dual-purpose paradigm, and nanoparticle formulations have recently come to

and DSPE-PEG2000-RGD (Figure 2 A). RGD is a short peptide that is commonly used

sized subcutaneous implant prepared with the copolymer polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA). Nowadays other protein formulations have come on the

α and IL-1β); Promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition 14 days [ 72 ] hUCMSCs Peptide RADA16-I; Peptide KLT

nonspecific distribution [ 25 , 26 ]. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), such as transactivator of transcription (TAT) peptide, were able to

between the thiol group of the cysteine in the peptide and the

The abdomen was depilated with depilatory cream one day before administration to facilitate observation. Formulations were administered to

lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles were modified with RADA16 (RNPs), a self-assembling peptide, and then

in the blood long circulation [ 33 ] whereas the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) peptide and hyaluronic

used ligands for targeting tumor epithelium is the RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptide, which has high affinity

compared to targeting the tumor cells alone. For example, disulfide cyclized peptide derived from the

blood [ 9 ] while simultaneously improving their phototherapeutic activity. However, it has been reported that although nano-formulations can increase the

by a polymer coating technique and coupled with cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide (cRGD) peptides. After confirmation

expression in resting endothelium. Using nanoprobes conjugated with a cyclic RGDfK (cRGD) peptide, an α v β

fractions was measured using an automated Wizard gamma counter. Cellular uptake of fluorescently labelled formulations Rhodamine-containing EGF-LP

a prolonged period with high controllability. Drug delivery refers to the approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems

vivo tumor growth inhibition Mice bearing U87MG tumors (~50 mm 3 ) were injected intravenously with different formulations every other day for

the anticancer activity of GNCs-based drug delivery systems. Methods : pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP)- and thermoresponsive