they are required to meet immediate needs; and that the pleasure inherent in the

used to assess whether that animal can experience feelings such as pain and pleasure. This behavioural path is

relates to the capacity to suffer or to experience pleasure. Author Biography Jennifer Vonk

of a wider framework that includes all felt experiences, from suffering to pleasure. Creative Commons License This

Animal Feeling Methods for detecting Pain and Nociception Play and Pleasure Stress, Distress and

protect and preserve them. Sensations and perceptions, including pain and pleasure and a